quotation marks
The paired marks (“ ”) that enclose a speaker’s or writer’s exact words.
Quotation marks enclose a direct quotation, the exact words someone said or wrote: She said, “The flight is delayed.” They also enclose the titles of short works, such as articles, songs, poems, and episodes: the song “Hurt.” Single quotation marks enclose a quotation within a quotation: He told us, “Mom said ‘no dessert,’ so don’t ask.” A period or a comma goes inside the closing quotation mark: “Hurry,” she said. A colon or a semicolon goes outside: He called it “a draft”; it was the final version. A question mark, an exclamation point, or an em dash goes inside when it belongs to the quoted words and outside when it belongs to the whole sentence: She asked, “Are we late?” Did he really say “no comment”? Each use of quotation marks has its own entry, listed under Quotation Marks.
Examples
UseThe coach told us, “Run it again.” (The quotation marks enclose the coach’s exact words, and the period goes inside.)
UseHer essay “Notes from the Night Shift” won the prize. (The quotation marks enclose the title of a short work.)
AvoidThe coach told us “that we should run it again.” (These are not his exact words, so they take no quotation marks: The coach told us that we should run it again.)